Diabetes and your Mouth

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Apr 6, 2025.

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How can diabetes affect the health of my mouth?

High blood sugar levels increase sugar in your saliva, which can cause cavities and gum disease. Severe gum disease can lead to tooth loss and damage the bone that holds your teeth in place. Gum disease can also make it harder to control blood sugar levels. This may make it harder for you to have oral surgeries, such as dental implants. Diabetes also increases your risk for other mouth problems, such as dry mouth, burning, or thrush (fungal infection).

What are some signs and symptoms of mouth problems?

• Red, swollen, or bleeding gums
• Dryness, soreness, or pain
• White patches on your gums, tongue, cheeks, or roof of your mouth
• Bad taste in your mouth
• Problems when you chew, eat, or swallow
• Bad breath that does not go away when you brush your teeth

Drugs used to treat this and similar conditions

How can I keep my mouth healthy?

• Keep your blood sugar within the recommended levels. Your diabetes care team provider will tell you what your levels should be.
• Brush and floss your teeth every day. Brush your teeth at least 2 times a day with fluoride toothpaste. Your dentist may recommend you brush after each meal and sugary or starchy snack, like crackers or granola bars. Use dental floss to clean between your teeth at least 1 time each day. Change your toothbrush or brush head at least every 3 months.
• If you wear dentures, clean them regularly and take them out at night. Have your dentures adjusted if they do not fit right.
• Check your mouth regularly for signs of problems. Contact your dentist if you notice any problems.
• See your dentist every 6 months for cleanings and exams, or as directed. Tell your dentist that you have diabetes.
• Do not smoke. Smoking increases your risk for new or worsening mouth problems. Nicotine and other chemicals in cigarettes and cigars can also cause lung damage. Ask your healthcare provider for information if you currently smoke and need help to quit. E-cigarettes or smokeless tobacco still contain nicotine. Talk to your healthcare provider before you use these products.

When should I call my dentist?

• You have mouth problems that get worse.
• You develop any new mouth problems.
• You have questions or concerns about your condition or care.

Care Agreement

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