Altuviiio: Package Insert / Prescribing Info

Limitation of Use

ALTUVIIIO is not indicated for the treatment of von Willebrand disease.

2.1 Dose

• Each ALTUVIIIO vial label states the Factor VIII potency in international units (IU). One IU corresponds to the Factor VIII activity contained in one milliliter of normal human plasma, as defined by the current World Health Organization (WHO) international standard for Factor VIII concentrate.
• Potency assignment for ALTUVIIIO is determined using an activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)-based one-stage clotting assay. It is recommended to use a validated one-stage clotting assay to measure ALTUVIIIO Factor VIII activity in plasma. The ALTUVIIIO Factor VIII activity level is overestimated by the chromogenic assay and a specific ellagic acid based aPTT reagent in one-stage clotting assay by approximately 2.5-fold [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].

For the dose of 50 IU/kg, the expected in vivo peak increase in Factor VIII level expressed as IU/dL (or % of normal) is estimated using the following formula:

Estimated Increment of Factor VIII (IU/dL or % of normal) = 50 IU/kg × 2 (IU/dL per IU/kg)

To achieve a specific target Factor VIII activity level, use the following formula: Dosage (IU) = Body Weight (kg) × Desired Factor VIII Increase (IU/dL or % normal) × 0.5 (IU/kg per IU/dL).

2.2 Preparation and Reconstitution

1. Use aseptic technique and a flat work surface during the reconstitution procedure.
2. Allow the ALTUVIIIO vial, containing the white to off-white lyophilized powder, and the prefilled diluent syringe to reach room temperature before use.
3. Remove the plastic cap from the ALTUVIIIO vial and wipe the rubber stopper of the vial with an alcohol wipe. Allow the rubber stopper to dry.
4. Completely remove the backing from the vial adapter package by peeling back the lid. Do not remove the vial adapter from the package or touch the inside of the package of the adapter.

   

5. Keep the vial on a flat surface. Hold the vial with one hand and using the other hand, place the vial adapter in its package over the vial. The spike should be placed directly above the center of the rubber stopper. Push the vial adapter straight down until the spike on the vial adapter punctures the center of the vial stopper and is fully inserted.

   

6. Lift the package cover away from the vial adapter and throw away the cover.

   

7. Only use the prefilled diluent syringe provided to reconstitute the powdered medicine. Hold the plunger rod by the circular disk. Place the tip of the plunger rod into the end of the prefilled diluent syringe. Turn the plunger rod to the right until it is firmly attached.

   

8. With one hand, hold the prefilled diluent syringe directly under the cap with the cap pointing up. Make sure you are holding the prefilled diluent syringe by the ridged part directly under the cap. Do not use if the cap has been removed or is not securely attached.
9. With your other hand, grasp the cap and bend it at a 90 degree angle until it snaps off. After the cap snaps off, you will see the glass tip of the prefilled diluent syringe. Do not touch the glass tip of the prefilled diluent syringe or the inside of the cap.
10. Be sure the vial is sitting on a flat surface. Insert the tip of the prefilled diluent syringe into the vial adapter opening. Turn the prefilled diluent syringe to the right until it is securely attached to the vial adapter.
11. Slowly push down on the plunger rod to inject all of the liquid (diluent) from the prefilled diluent syringe into the vial. The plunger rod may rise slightly afterward. This is normal.
12. With the prefilled diluent syringe still connected to the adapter, gently swirl the vial until the powder is completely dissolved. Check the solution through the vial to make sure the powder is fully dissolved. The solution should look clear and colorless to opalescent. Do not shake. Do not use the reconstituted ALTUVIIIO if it contains visible particles or is cloudy.
    POOLING: pooling is the process of combining two or more reconstituted vials into a larger luer lock syringe (not provided in the carton). If the dose requires more than one vial, reconstitute each vial as described above (See Steps 3–12) with the prefilled diluent syringe provided. Do not detach the prefilled diluent syringe until you are ready to attach the larger luer lock syringe to the next vial. Keep the vial adapter attached to the vial as you will need it for attaching a larger luer lock syringe. Use a larger luer lock plastic syringe to combine the contents of the reconstituted vials into the syringe, similar as described in Steps 13–14. Repeat this pooling procedure with each vial you will be using. Once you have pooled the required dose, proceed with the administration steps using the larger luer lock syringe.
13. Make sure the plunger rod is pressed all the way down and the diluent syringe is firmly attached to the vial adapter. Turn the vial upside-down. Slowly pull down on the plunger rod to draw all the solution from the vial into the diluent syringe. Be careful not to pull the plunger rod completely out of the diluent syringe.
14. Gently unscrew the diluent syringe from the vial adapter by turning it to the right. Dispose of the vial with the adapter still attached. If you are not ready to inject, put the syringe cap carefully back onto the syringe tip. Do not touch the syringe tip or the inside of the cap.
15. Use the reconstituted ALTUVIIIO as soon as possible, but no later than 3 hours after reconstitution. Do not touch the glass tip of the syringe if not used immediately after reconstitution. Protect from direct sunlight. Do not refrigerate after reconstitution.

2.3 Administration

For intravenous use only.

• Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration, whenever solution and container permit. Do not use ALTUVIIIO solution if particulate matter or discoloration is observed.
• Do not administer reconstituted ALTUVIIIO in the same tubing or container with other medications.

5.1 Hypersensitivity Reactions

Allergic-type hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, may occur with ALTUVIIIO. Allergic-type hypersensitivity reactions were not reported in the clinical trials. Inform patients of signs of hypersensitivity reactions that may progress to anaphylaxis (including hives, shortness of breath, chest tightness, wheezing, hypotension and itching). Advise patients to discontinue use of ALTUVIIIO if hypersensitivity symptoms occur and contact a physician and/or seek immediate emergency care.

5.2 Neutralizing Antibodies

Formation of neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) to Factor VIII is possible following administration of ALTUVIIIO. Neutralizing antibodies were not reported in the clinical trials. Monitor all patients for the development of Factor VIII inhibitors by appropriate clinical observations and laboratory tests. If the patient's plasma Factor VIII level fails to increase as expected or if bleeding is not controlled after ALTUVIIIO administration, the presence of an inhibitor (neutralizing antibodies) should be suspected, and appropriate testing performed [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)].

5.3 Monitoring Laboratory Tests

If assessment of plasma Factor VIII activity is needed, it is recommended to use a validated one-stage clotting assay [see Dosage and Administration (2)]. The ALTUVIIIO Factor VIII activity level is overestimated by the chromogenic assay and a specific ellagic acid based aPTT reagent in one-stage clotting assay by approximately 2.5-fold. If these assays are used, divide the result by 2.5 to approximate the patient's ALTUVIIIO Factor VIII activity level. Use of a reference laboratory is recommended when a qualified one-stage clotting assay or chromogenic assay is not available locally.

Monitor for the development of Factor VIII inhibitors. If bleeding is not controlled with ALTUVIIIO and the expected factor VIII activity plasma levels are not attained, perform an assay to determine if Factor VIII inhibitors are present (use Bethesda Units to titer inhibitors).

6.1 Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The safety of ALTUVIIIO has been evaluated in 159 previously treated patients (PTPs) (134 adults and 25 adolescents) with severe Hemophilia A (<1% endogenous FVIII activity or a genetic mutation consistent with severe Hemophilia A) who received at least one dose of ALTUVIIIO for either routine prophylaxis, on-demand treatment of bleeding episodes or perioperative management. A total of 152 (96%) subjects achieved at least 25 exposure days and 115 (72%) subjects achieved at least 50 exposure days with a median of 53.0 (range 2–63) for both exposure days and injections per subject. Overall exposure was monitored for a total of 151.5 subject-years.

In the pediatric study, the safety of ALTUVIIIO was evaluated in 74 male PTPs <12 years of age with severe hemophilia A who received at least one dose of ALTUVIIIO. Sixty-six (89.2%) subjects achieved at least 50 exposure days with a median of 53.0 (range 3–72).

Adverse events were monitored for a total of 210.7 subject-years in 2 completed clinical studies in PTPs. Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) (summarized in Table 3) were reported in 79 (33.9%) of the 233 subjects treated with routine prophylaxis or on-demand therapy. The most common ADRs (>10%) in adults and adolescents were headache (20.1%) and arthralgia (16.4%). In children below 12 years, pyrexia (12.2%) was the most common ADR (>10%). In the studies, no inhibitors to FVIII were detected and no ADRs of anaphylaxis were reported.

Thromboembolic events occurred in 1% (3/261) of subjects in the long-term safety extension study; these three subjects had pre-existing risk factors.

6.2 Postmarketing Experience

The following adverse reactions have been identified during the post approval use of ALTUVIIIO. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Immune system disorders: Allergic-type hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].

8.1 Pregnancy

8.2 Lactation

8.4 Pediatric Use

The safety and effectiveness of ALTUVIIIO have been established in pediatric patients <18 years old. Safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics (PK) have been evaluated in 99 previously treated patients <18 years of age who received at least one dose of ALTUVIIIO as part of routine prophylaxis, treatment of bleeding episodes, or perioperative management. Adolescents were enrolled in the adult and adolescent study and children <12 years of age were enrolled in the pediatric trial. Thirty-eight subjects (38.4%) were <6 years of age, 36 (36.4%) subjects were 6 to <12 years of age, and 25 subjects (25.2%) were adolescents (12 to <18 years of age). Data from the pediatric study (74 subjects) <12 years of age showed that no dosing adjustment was required [see Clinical Pharmacology (12)].

8.5 Geriatric Use

Clinical studies of ALTUVIIIO did not include sufficient numbers of subjects 65 years of age and older to determine whether or not such subjects respond differently from younger subjects. However, clinical experience with other Factor VIII products has not identified differences between the elderly and younger patients.

12.1 Mechanism of Action

ALTUVIIIO [antihemophilic factor (recombinant), Fc-VWF-XTEN fusion protein-ehtl] temporarily replaces the missing coagulation factor VIII needed for effective hemostasis. ALTUVIIIO has demonstrated 3- to 4-fold prolonged half-life relative to other standard and extended half-life FVIII products.

12.2 Pharmacodynamics

Hemophilia A is a bleeding disorder characterized by a deficiency of functional coagulation factor VIII (FVIII), which leads to a prolonged clotting time in the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)-based one-stage clotting assay. Administration of ALTUVIIIO increases plasma levels of FVIII, temporarily correcting the coagulation defect in hemophilia A patients.

Based on FVIII pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analyses, the risk of bleeding is negatively correlated with FVIII activity. Once weekly 50 IU/kg ALTUVIIIO provided factor VIII activity levels that were associated with a low bleed risk.

12.3 Pharmacokinetics

The PK of ALTUVIIIO were evaluated in prospective, open-label clinical studies, enrolling 159 adults and adolescents, and 74 children <12 years old, respectively, receiving weekly IV injections of 50 IU/kg. Among children <12 years old, 37 subjects had ALTUVIIIO single dose PK profiles available.

PK parameters following a single dose of ALTUVIIIO are presented in Table 4. The PK parameters were based on plasma FVIII activity measured by the aPTT-based one-stage clotting assay. After a single dose of 50 IU/kg, ALTUVIIIO exhibited high sustained FVIII activity with prolonged half-life across age cohorts. There was a trend of increasing area under the curve (AUC), and decreasing clearance, with increasing age in the pediatric cohorts. The PK profile at steady state (Week 26) was comparable with the PK profile obtained after the first dose.

ALTUVIIIO at steady state maintained normal to near normal (>40 IU/dL) FVIII activity for a mean (SD) of 4.1 (0.7) days with once weekly prophylaxis in adults. The FVIII activity over 10 IU/dL was maintained in 83.5% of adults and adolescent subjects throughout the study. In children <12 years ALTUVIIIO maintained normal to near normal (>40 IU/dL) FVIII activity for 2 to 3 days and >10 IU/dL FVIII activity for approximately 7 days (see Table 5).

12.6 Immunogenicity

The observed incidence of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) is highly dependent on the sensitivity and specificity of the assay. Differences in assay methods preclude meaningful comparisons of the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in the studies described below with the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in other studies, or of other Factor VIII products.

All subjects were monitored for neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) to Factor VIII in the clinical program. No subjects developed neutralizing antibodies to Factor VIII.

During ALTUVIIIO clinical studies (median treatment duration 96.3 weeks), 4/276 (1.4%) of evaluable patients developed transient treatment emergent anti-drug antibodies.

No impact of ADAs on the FVIII activity levels or PK exposure parameters was observed.

No impact of ADAs with respect to bleeding episodes pharmacodynamic response, or safety was noted.

13.1 Carcinogenesis, Mutagenesis, Impairment of Fertility

No carcinogenicity or mutagenicity studies have been conducted with of ALTUVIIIO. No studies have been conducted to evaluate the effects of ALTUVIIIO on fertility.

Routine Prophylaxis to Reduce Bleeding Episodes

Efficacy in Control of Bleeding

In the adult and adolescent study, a total of 362 bleeding episodes were treated with ALTUVIIIO, most occurring during on-demand treatment in Arm B. Majority of bleeding episodes were localized in joints. Response to the first injection was assessed by subjects at least 8 hours after treatment. A 4-point rating scale of excellent, good, moderate, and no response was used to assess response. Bleeding was resolved with a single 50 IU/kg injection of ALTUVIIIO in 96.7% of bleeding episodes. The median (Q1; Q3) total dose to treat a bleeding episode was 50.9 IU/kg (50.0; 51.9). Control of bleeding episodes was similar across the treatment arms.

The efficacy of ALTUVIIIO in control of bleeding in children <12 years of age was assessed in the pediatric study. A total of 43 bleeding episodes were treated with ALTUVIIIO. Bleeding was resolved with a single 50 IU/kg injection of ALTUVIIIO in 95.3% of bleeding episodes. The median (Q1; Q3) total dose to treat a bleeding episode was 52.6 IU/kg (50.0; 55.8).

Perioperative Management of Bleeding

Perioperative hemostasis was assessed in 14 major surgeries in 13 subjects (10 adults and 3 children) across the adult and adolescent and pediatric clinical studies. Of the 14 major surgeries, 13 surgeries required a single pre-operative dose to maintain hemostasis during surgery; for 1 major surgery during routine prophylaxis no pre-operative loading dose was administered on the day of/or before surgery. The median pre-operative dose per surgery was 50 IU/kg (range 12.7 – 61.9).

The clinical evaluation of hemostatic response during major surgery was assessed using a 4-point scale of excellent, good, moderate, or poor/none. The hemostatic effect of ALTUVIIIO was rated as "excellent" in 14 of 14 surgeries (100%).

Types of major surgeries assessed include major orthopedic procedures such as arthroplasties (joint replacements of knee, hip, and elbow), joint revisions and ankle fusion. Other major surgeries included molar tooth extractions, dental restoration and tooth extraction, circumcision, and rhinoplasty/mentoplasty.

Perioperative hemostasis was assessed in 27 minor surgeries in 23 subjects (12 adults and 11 adolescents and children). The hemostatic response was evaluated by the investigator/surgeon in 21 of these minor surgeries; an excellent response was reported in all (100%).

How Supplied

ALTUVIIIO is supplied in kits comprising a single-dose vial containing nominally, 250, 500, 750, 1000, 2000, 3000, or 4000 international units (IU) of Factor VIII potency, a prefilled syringe with 3 mL sterile water for injection, and a sterile vial adapter (reconstitution device). The actual amount of ALTUVIIIO in IU is stated on the label and carton of each vial.

Not made with natural rubber latex.

Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

Storage and Handling

Prior to reconstitution:

• Store ALTUVIIIO in the original package to protect the ALTUVIIIO vials from light.
• Store ALTUVIIIO in powder form at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Do not freeze to avoid damage to the prefilled diluent syringe.
• ALTUVIIIO may be stored at room temperature, not to exceed 30°C (86°F), for a single period of up to 6 months, within the expiration date printed on the label.
• If stored at room temperature, record the date that ALTUVIIIO is removed from refrigeration on the carton in the area provided. After storage at room temperature, do not return the product to the refrigerator.
• Do not use beyond the expiration date printed on the vial or 6 months after the date that was written on the carton, whichever is earlier.

After Reconstitution:

• The reconstituted product may be stored at room temperature, not to exceed 30°C (86°F), for up to 3 hours. Protect from direct sunlight. After reconstitution, if the product is not used within 3 hours, it must be discarded.
• Do not use ALTUVIIIO if the reconstituted solution is cloudy or has particulate matter.
• Discard any unused ALTUVIIIO.