Fluid in the Ear (Serous Otitis Media)

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Apr 6, 2025.

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What do I need to know about serous otitis media (SOM)?

SOM is fluid trapped in the middle of your ear behind your eardrum. This condition usually develops without signs or symptoms of an ear infection. Serous otitis media may be caused by an upper respiratory infection or allergies. It is most common in the fall and early spring.

What are the signs and symptoms of SOM?

• Trouble hearing
• Sounds are muffled
• Plugged ear or an ear that feels full
• Ear discomfort or popping
• Ringing or buzzing in your ear

How is SOM diagnosed?

Your healthcare provider will look inside your ears. Tell him or her about your symptoms. You may need a tympanogram. During this test, an ear plug is put into each of your ears. Air pressure is used to see how the eardrum moves. It can help your healthcare provider learn if you have fluid in your middle ear.

Drugs used to treat this and similar conditions

How is SOM treated?

You may need any of the following:

• Acetaminophen decreases pain and fever. It is available without a doctor's order. Ask how much to take and how often to take it. Follow directions. Read the labels of all other medicines you are using to see if they also contain acetaminophen, or ask your doctor or pharmacist. Acetaminophen can cause liver damage if not taken correctly.
• NSAIDs , such as ibuprofen, help decrease swelling, pain, and fever. This medicine is available with or without a doctor's order. NSAIDs can cause stomach bleeding or kidney problems in certain people. If you take blood thinner medicine, always ask your healthcare provider if NSAIDs are safe for you. Always read the medicine label and follow directions.
• Steroids help decrease inflammation so the fluid can drain from your ear.
• Antibiotics may be needed if a bacterial infection caused your SOM.

Treatment options

The following list of medications are related to or used in the treatment of this condition.

• colistin sulfate/hydrocortisone/neomycin/thonzonium bromide
• Cortisporin-TC
• Coly-Mycin S

How can I stay healthy?

• Wash your hands often throughout the day. Use soap and water. Rub your soapy hands together, lacing your fingers, for at least 20 seconds. Rinse with warm, running water. Dry your hands with a clean towel or paper towel. Use hand sanitizer that contains alcohol if soap and water are not available. Teach children how to wash their hands and use hand sanitizer.
• Avoid people who are sick. Some germs are easily and quickly spread through contact.

When should I call my doctor?

• You develop severe ear pain.
• The outside of your ear is red or swollen.
• You have fluid coming from your ear.
• You have questions or concerns about your condition or care.

Care Agreement

You have the right to help plan your care. Learn about your health condition and how it may be treated. Discuss treatment options with your healthcare providers to decide what care you want to receive. You always have the right to refuse treatment. The above information is an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before following any medical regimen to see if it is safe and effective for you.

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