Rivelsa: Package Insert / Prescribing Info
Package insert / product label
Generic name: levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol and ethinyl estradiol
Dosage form: tablets
Drug class: Contraceptives
Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Oct 29, 2024.
On This Page
- Indications and Usage
- Dosage and Administration
- Dosage Forms and Strengths
- Contraindications
- Warnings and Precautions
- Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
- Drug Interactions
- Use In Specific Populations
- Overdosage
- Description
- Clinical Pharmacology
- Nonclinical Toxicology
- Clinical Studies
- How Supplied/Storage and Handling
- Patient Counseling Information
Highlights of Prescribing Information
RIVELSA® (levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol and ethinyl estradiol) tablets, for oral use
Initial U.S. Approval: 1982
WARNING: CIGARETTE SMOKING AND SERIOUS CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS
See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning.
Indications and Usage for Rivelsa
RIVELSA is a combination of levonorgestrel, a progestin, and ethinyl estradiol, an estrogen, indicated for use by females of reproductive potential to prevent pregnancy. (1)
Rivelsa Dosage and Administration
- Take one tablet daily by mouth at the same time every day for 91 days in the order directed on the blister pack. (2)
Dosage Forms and Strengths
RIVELSA consists of 91 tablets in the following order (3):
- 42 light pink tablets containing 0.15 mg levonorgestrel and 0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol,
- 21 pink tablets containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.025 mg ethinyl estradiol, and
- 21 purple tablets containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol, and
- 7 yellow tablets containing 0.01 mg of ethinyl estradiol.
Contraindications
Warnings and Precautions
- Vascular risks: Stop if a thrombotic or thromboembolic event occurs. Stop at least 4 weeks before and through 2 weeks after major surgery. Start no earlier than 4 weeks after delivery, in women who are not breastfeeding. Consider cardiovascular risk factors before initiating in all females, particularly those over 35 years. (5.1, 5.5)
- Liver disease: Discontinue if jaundice occurs. (5.2)
- Hypertension: If used in females with well-controlled hypertension, monitor blood pressure and stop use if blood pressure rises significantly. (5.3)
- Gallbladder disease: May cause or worsen gallbladder disease. (5.6)
- Carbohydrate and lipid metabolic effects: Monitor glucose in prediabetic and diabetic women taking RIVELSA. Consider an alternate contraceptive method for women with uncontrolled dyslipidemias. (5.7)
- Headache: Evaluate significant change in headaches and discontinue if indicated. (5.8)
- Uterine bleeding: May cause irregular bleeding or amenorrhea. Evaluate for other causes if symptoms persist. (5.9)
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
The most common adverse reactions (≥2%) in clinical trials for RIVELSA were headaches, heavy/irregular vaginal bleeding, nausea/vomiting, acne, dysmenorrhea, weight increased, mood changes, anxiety/panic attack, breast pain and migraines. (6)
To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Teva Pharmaceuticals at 1-888-483-8279 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Drug Interactions
Enzyme inducers (e.g., CYP3A4): May decrease the effectiveness of RIVELSA or increase breakthrough bleeding. Counsel patients to use a backup or alternative method of contraception when enzyme inducers are used with RIVELSA. (7.1)
Use In Specific Populations
See 17 for PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION and FDA-approved patient labeling.
Revised: 10/2024
Full Prescribing Information
WARNING: CIGARETTE SMOKING AND SERIOUS CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS
Cigarette smoking increases the risk of serious cardiovascular events from combination oral contraceptives (COC) use. This risk increases with age, particularly in women over 35 years of age, and with the number of cigarettes smoked. For this reason, COCs, including RIVELSA, are contraindicated in women who are over 35 years of age and smoke [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
1. Indications and Usage for Rivelsa
RIVELSA® is indicated for use by females of reproductive age to prevent pregnancy.
2. Rivelsa Dosage and Administration
2.1 How to Start and Take RIVELSA
Begin RIVELSA on the first Sunday after the onset of menstruation. If menstruation begins on a Sunday, take the first light pink tablet that day.
For each 91-day course, take in the following order:
- Start the first light pink tablet on the first Sunday after the onset of menstruation. If menstruation begins on a Sunday, take the tablet on that day. Then take one light pink tablet once daily for a total of 42 consecutive days. Use a non-hormonal backup method of contraception (such as condoms and spermicide) for the first 7 days of treatment.
- One pink tablet once daily for 21 consecutive days.
- One purple tablet once daily for 21 days.
- One yellow tablet once daily for 7 days. Bleeding should occur during yellow tablet use.
Begin the next and all subsequent 91-day courses of RIVELSA without interruption on the same day of the week (Sunday) on which the first dose of RIVELSA was taken. Follow the same schedule as the initial 91-day course: light pink tablet once daily for 42 days, pink tablet once daily for 21 days, purple tablet once daily for 21 days, and yellow tablet once daily for 7 days. If the next pill pack is not started immediately, use a non-hormonal backup method of contraception until a light pink tablet has been taken once daily for 7 consecutive days.
Switching to RIVELSA from another oral hormonal contraceptive or from another contraceptive method (transdermal patch, vaginal ring, injection, intrauterine contraceptive, implant)
Start on the Sunday after the patient’s next period starts. Use additional non-hormonal contraceptive (such as condoms and spermicide) until the patient has taken 7 light pink pills (7 days).
Starting RIVELSA after Abortion or Miscarriage
First-trimester
RIVELSA may be started on the Sunday after an abortion or miscarriage. The patient must use additional non-hormonal contraception (such as condoms and spermicide) until the patient has taken a light pink tablet for 7 days.
Second-trimester
Do not start until 4 weeks after a second-trimester abortion or miscarriage, due to the increased risk of thromboembolic disease. Start contraceptive therapy with RIVELSA following the instructions for women not currently using hormonal contraception. Use additional non-hormonal contraception (such as condoms and spermicide) until the patient has taken a light pink tablet for 7 days [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Starting RIVELSA after Childbirth
Do not start until 4 weeks after delivery, due to the increased risk of thromboembolic disease. Start contraceptive therapy with RIVELSA following the instructions for women not currently using hormonal contraception. Use additional non-hormonal contraception (such as condoms and spermicide) until the patient has taken a light pink tablet for 7 days [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
RIVELSA is not recommended for use in lactating women [see Use in Specific Populations (8.2)].
If the woman has not yet had a period postpartum, consider the possibility of ovulation and conception occurring prior to use of RIVELSA [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1), Use in Specific Populations (8.1)].
2.2 Dosing RIVELSA
Take one tablet by mouth at the same time every day. The dosage of RIVELSA is one light pink tablet once daily for 42 days, one pink tablet once daily for 21 days, one purple tablet once daily for 21 days, and one yellow tablet once daily for 7 days.
To achieve maximum contraceptive effectiveness, take RIVELSA exactly as directed, in the order directed, and at intervals not exceeding 24 hours. The failure rate may increase when pills are missed or taken incorrectly.
2.3 Missed Doses
Table 1. Instructions for Missed RIVELSA Tablets
|
If one light pink, pink or purple tablet is missed |
Take the missed tablet as soon as possible. Take the next tablet at the regular time. Continue taking one tablet a day until the pack is finished. A backup birth control method is not required if the patient has sex. |
|
If two light pink, pink or purple tablets in a row are missed |
Take the two missed tablets as soon as possible, and the next two tablets the next day. Continue taking one tablet a day until the pack is finished. Use additional nonhormonal contraception (such as condoms and spermicide) until tablets have been taken for 7 days after missing tablets. |
|
If three or more light pink, pink or purple tablets in a row are missed |
Throw away the missed tablets. Continue taking one tablet every day as indicated on the pack until the pack is finished. Bleeding may occur during the week following the missed tablets. Use additional nonhormonal contraception (such as condoms and spermicide) until tablets have been taken for 7 days after missing tablets. |
|
If any of the seven yellow tablets are missed |
Throw away the missed tablets. Continue taking the remaining tablets until the pack is finished. A backup birth control method is not needed. |
2.4 Advice in Case of Gastrointestinal Disturbances
In case of severe vomiting or diarrhea, absorption may not be complete and additional contraceptive measures should be taken. If vomiting or diarrhea occurs within 3-4 hours after taking a light pink, pink or purple tablet, handle this as a missed tablet [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)].
3. Dosage Forms and Strengths
RIVELSA (levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol and ethinyl estradiol) tablets are available as round, film-coated, biconvex tablets debossed with TV on one side, packaged in Extended-Cycle Tablet Dispensers, each containing a 13-week supply of tablets in the following order:
- 42 light pink tablets, each containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol: debossed with 076 on the other side
- 21 pink tablets containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.025 mg ethinyl estradiol: debossed with 075 on the other side
- 21 purple tablets containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol: debossed with 074 on the other side and
- 7 yellow tablets containing 0.01 mg of ethinyl estradiol: debossed with 077 on the other side
4. Contraindications
RIVELSA is contraindicated in females who are known to have or develop the following conditions:
- A high risk of arterial or venous thrombotic diseases. Examples include females who are known to:
- Smoke, if over age 35 [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Have current or history of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Have cerebrovascular disease [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Have coronary artery disease [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Have thrombogenic valvular or thrombogenic rhythm diseases of the heart (for example, subacute bacterial endocarditis with valvular disease, or atrial fibrillation) [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Have inherited or acquired hypercoagulopathies [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
- Have uncontrolled hypertension or hypertension with vascular disease [see Warnings and Precautions (5.5)].
- Have diabetes mellitus and are over age 35, diabetes mellitus with hypertension or with vascular disease or other end-organ damage, or diabetes mellitus of > 20 years duration [see Warnings and Precautions (5.7)].
- Have headaches with focal neurological symptoms, migraine headaches with aura, or over age 35 with any migraine headaches [see Warnings and Precautions (5.8)].
- Current diagnosis of, or history of, breast cancer, which may be hormone sensitive [see Warnings and Precautions (5.11)].
- Liver tumors, acute viral hepatitis, or severe (decompensated) cirrhosis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) and Use in Specific Populations (8.6)].
- Undiagnosed abnormal uterine bleeding [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)].
- Use of Hepatitis C drug combinations containing ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, with or without dasabuvir, due to the potential for ALT elevations [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)].
5. Warnings and Precautions
5.1 Thromboembolic Disorders and Other Vascular Conditions
- Stop RIVELSA if an arterial or deep venous thromboembolic event occurs.
- Stop RIVELSA if there is unexplained loss of vision, proptosis, diplopia, papilledema, or retinal vascular lesions. Evaluate for retinal vein thrombosis immediately.
- Discontinue RIVELSA during prolonged immobilization. If feasible, stop RIVELSA at least 4 weeks before and through 2 weeks after major surgery or other surgeries known to have an elevated risk of thromboembolism.
- Start RIVELSA no earlier than 4 weeks after delivery, in females who are not breastfeeding. The risk of postpartum thromboembolism decreases after the third postpartum week, whereas the risk of ovulation increases after the third postpartum week.
- Before starting RIVELSA evaluate any past medical history or family history of thrombotic or thromboembolic disorders and consider whether the history suggests an inherited or acquired hypercoagulopathy. RIVELSA is contraindicated in females with a high risk of arterial or venous/thromboembolic diseases [see Contraindications (4)].
Arterial Events
COCs increase the risk of cardiovascular events and cerebrovascular events, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. The risk is greater among older women (> 35 years of age), smokers, and females with hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, or obesity.
RIVELSA is contraindicated in women over 35 years of age who smoke [see Contraindications (4)]. Cigarette smoking increases the risk of serious cardiovascular events from COC use. This risk increases with age, particularly in women over 35 years of age, and with the number of cigarettes smoked.
Venous Events
Use of COCs increases the risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs), such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Risk factors for VTEs include smoking, obesity, and family history of VTE, in addition to other factors that contraindicate use of COCs [see Contraindications (4)]. While the increased risk of VTE associated with use of COCs is well-established, the rates of VTE are even greater during pregnancy, and especially during the postpartum period (see Figure 1). The rate of VTE in females using COCs has been estimated to be 3 to 9 cases per 10,000 woman years.
The risk of VTE is highest during the first year of use of a COC and when restarting hormonal contraception after a break of four weeks or longer. The risk of thromboembolic disease due to COCs gradually disappears after COC use is discontinued.
Figure 1 shows the risk of developing a VTE for females who are not pregnant and do not use oral contraceptives, for females who use oral contraceptives, and for females in the postpartum period. To put the risk of developing a VTE into perspective: If 10,000 females who are not pregnant and do not use oral contraceptives are followed for one year, between 1 and 5 of these females will develop a VTE.
Use of RIVELSA provides women with more hormonal exposure on a yearly basis than conventional monthly oral contraceptives containing the same strength synthetic estrogens and progestins (an additional 9 and 13 weeks of exposure to progestin and estrogen, respectively, per year). In the clinical trial, three cases of deep vein thrombosis were reported.
5.2 Liver Disease
Elevated Liver Enzymes
RIVELSA is contraindicated in females with acute viral hepatitis or severe (decompensated) cirrhosis of the liver [see Contraindications (4)]. Acute liver test abnormalities may necessitate the discontinuation of RIVELSA until liver tests return to normal and RIVELSA causation has been excluded. Discontinue RIVELSA if jaundice develops.
Liver Tumors
RIVELSA is contraindicated in females with benign or malignant liver tumors [see Contraindications (4)]. COCs increase the risk of hepatic adenomas. An estimate of the attributable risk is 3.3 cases/100,000 COC users. Rupture of hepatic adenomas may cause death from abdominal hemorrhage.
Studies have shown an increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma in long-term (> 8 years) COC users. The attributable risk of liver cancers in COC users is less than one case per million users.
5.3 Hypertension
RIVELSA is contraindicated in women with uncontrolled hypertension or hypertension with vascular disease [see Contraindications (4)]. For all females, including those with well-controlled hypertension, monitor blood pressure at routine visits and stop RIVELSA if blood pressure rises significantly.
An increase in blood pressure has been reported in women taking COCs, and this increase is more likely in older women and with extended duration of use. The effect of COCs on blood pressure may vary according to the progestin in the COC.
5.4 Risk of Liver Enzyme Elevations with Concomitant Hepatitis C Treatment
During clinical trials with the Hepatitis C combination drug regimen that contains ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, with or without dasabuvir, ALT elevations greater than 5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), including some cases greater than 20 times the ULN, were significantly more frequent in women using ethinyl estradiol-containing medications, such as RIVELSA. Discontinue RIVELSA prior to starting therapy with the combination drug regimen ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, with or without dasabuvir [see Contraindications (4)]. RIVELSA can be restarted approximately 2 weeks following completion of treatment with the Hepatitis C combination drug regimen.
5.5 Age-related Considerations
The risk for cardiovascular disease and prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease increases with age. Certain conditions, such as smoking and migraine headache without aura, that do not contraindicate COC use in younger females, are contraindications to use in women over 35 years of age [see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]. Consider the presence of underlying risk factors that may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease or VTE, particularly before initiating RIVELSA for women over 35 years, such as:
- Hypertension
- Diabetes
- Dyslipidemia
- Obesity
5.6 Gallbladder Disease
Studies suggest a small increased relative risk of developing gallbladder disease among COC users. Use of COCs, including RIVELSA, may also worsen existing gallbladder disease.
A past history of COC-related cholestasis predicts an increased risk with subsequent COC use. Women with a history of pregnancy-related cholestasis may be at an increased risk for COC-related cholestasis.
5.7 Adverse Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolic Effects
Hyperglycemia
RIVELSA is contraindicated in diabetic women over age 35, or females who have diabetes with hypertension, nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, other vascular disease, or females with diabetes of > 20 years duration [see Contraindications (4)]. RIVELSA may decrease glucose tolerance. Carefully monitor prediabetic and diabetic females who are taking RIVELSA.
Dyslipidemia
Consider alternative contraception for females with uncontrolled dyslipidemias. RIVELSA may cause adverse lipid changes.
Females with hypertriglyceridemia, or a family history thereof, may have an increase in serum triglyceride concentrations when using RIVELSA, which may increase the risk of pancreatitis.
5.8 Headache
RIVELSA is contraindicated in females who have headaches with focal neurological symptoms or have migraine headaches with aura, and in women over 35 years of age who have migraine headaches with or without aura [see Contraindications (4)].
If a woman taking RIVELSA develops new headaches that are recurrent, persistent, or severe, evaluate the cause and discontinue RIVELSA if indicated.
Consider discontinuation of RIVELSA in the case of increased frequency or severity of migraine during COC use (which may be prodromal of a cerebrovascular event) [see Contraindications (4)].
5.9 Bleeding Irregularities and Amenorrhea
Bleeding and/or spotting that occurs at any time while taking the first 84 tablets (light pink, pink and purple) of each extended-cycle regimen is considered “unscheduled” bleeding/spotting. Bleeding that occurs during the time a woman takes the seven tablets (yellow) containing 10 mcg of ethinyl estradiol is considered “scheduled” bleeding.
Unscheduled and Scheduled Bleeding and Spotting
Females using RIVELSA may experience unscheduled (breakthrough or intracyclic) bleeding and spotting, especially during the first 3 months of use. Bleeding irregularities may resolve over time or by changing to a different contraceptive product. If unscheduled bleeding persists or occurs after previously regular cycles on RIVELSA, evaluate for causes such as pregnancy or malignancy.
When prescribing RIVELSA, consider the occurrence of fewer scheduled menses (4 per year instead of 13 per year) against the occurrence of increased unscheduled bleeding and/or spotting. A 12-month open-label study of the efficacy of RIVELSA in preventing pregnancy assessed scheduled and unscheduled bleeding [see Clinical Studies (14)] in 3,597 women who completed 34,087 28-day cycles of exposure. A total of 178 (4.9%) of the women discontinued RIVELSA, at least in part, due to bleeding and/or spotting.
Scheduled (withdrawal) bleeding and/or spotting remained fairly stable over time, with an average of 3 to 4 days of bleeding and/or spotting per each 91-day cycle. Unscheduled bleeding and unscheduled spotting decreased over successive 91-day cycles. Table 2 below presents the number of days with unscheduled bleeding, spotting, and unscheduled bleeding and/or spotting in Treatment Cycles 1 to 4.
Table 2: Number of Unscheduled Bleeding, Spotting and Bleeding and/or Spotting Days per 91-day Cycle
| Cycle (N) | Days of Unscheduled Bleeding per 84-Day Interval | Median Days Per Subject-Month | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | Q1 | Median | Q3 | ||
|
1 (3330) |
7.2 |
0 |
4 |
10 |
1.0 |
|
2 (2820) |
3.3 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
0.0 |
|
3 (2433) |
2.5 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
0.0 |
|
4 (2213) |
2.2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0.0 |
|
Cycle (N) |
Days of Unscheduled Spotting per 84-Day Interval |
Median Days Per Subject-Month |
|||
|
Mean |
Q1 |
Median |
Q3 |
||
|
1 (3330) |
10.7 |
2 |
7 |
15 |
1.8 |
|
2 (2820) |
6.7 |
0 |
3 |
9 |
0.8 |
|
3 (2433) |
5.2 |
0 |
2 |
6 |
0.5 |
|
4 (2213) |
4.4 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
0.3 |
|
Cycle (N) |
Days of Unscheduled Bleeding and/or Spotting per 84-Day Interval |
Median Days Per Subject-Month |
|||
|
Mean |
Q1 |
Median |
Q3 |
||
|
1 (3330) |
17.9 |
5 |
14 |
27 |
3.5 |
|
2 (2820) |
10.0 |
1 |
5 |
14 |
1.3 |
|
3 (2433) |
7.7 |
0 |
3 |
10 |
0.8 |
|
4 (2213) |
6.6 |
0 |
3 |
8 |
0.8 |
Q1=Quartile 1: 25% of women had ≤ this number of days of unscheduled bleeding/spotting
Median: 50% of women had ≤ this number of days of unscheduled bleeding/spotting
Q3=Quartile 3: 75% of women had ≤ this number of days of unscheduled bleeding/spotting
Figure 2 shows the percent of RIVELSA subjects in the primary clinical trial with ≥7 days or ≥20 days of unscheduled bleeding and/or spotting, or just unscheduled bleeding, during each 91-day treatment cycle.
Figure 2: Percent of Women Taking RIVELSA Who Reported Unscheduled Bleeding and/or Spotting
If unscheduled spotting or bleeding occurs, instruct the patient to continue on the same regimen. If the bleeding is persistent or prolonged, advise the patient to consult her healthcare provider.
Amenorrhea and Oligomenorrhea
Females who use RIVELSA may experience absence of scheduled (withdrawal) bleeding, even if they are not pregnant. Based on data from the clinical trial, amenorrhea occurred in approximately 1.9% of women during Cycle 1, 7.7% during Cycle 2, 10.7% during Cycle 3, and 10.1% during Cycle 4 using RIVELSA.
Rule out pregnancy in the event of amenorrhea. Some women may experience amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea after stopping RIVELSA, especially if these conditions were pre-existent.
5.10 Depression
Carefully observe females with a history of depression and discontinue RIVELSA if depression recurs to a serious degree. Six cases of suicidality (suicide attempts and suicidal behavior) were reported in the clinical trial; several of these cases occurred in women with a psychiatric history.
Data on the association of COCs with onset of depression or exacerbation of existing depression are limited.
5.11 Malignant Neoplasms
Breast Cancer
RIVELSA is contraindicated in females who currently have or have had breast cancer because breast cancer may be hormonally sensitive [see Contraindications (4)].
Epidemiology studies have not found a consistent association between use of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and breast cancer risk. Studies do not show an association between ever (current or past) use of COCs and risk of breast cancer. However, some studies report a small increase in the risk of breast cancer among current or recent users (<6 months since last use) and current users with longer duration of COC use [see Postmarketing Experience (6.2)].
Cervical Cancer
Some studies suggest that COCs are associated with an increase in the risk of cervical cancer or intraepithelial neoplasia. However, there is controversy about the extent to which these findings are due to differences in sexual behavior and other factors.
5.12 Effect on Binding Globulins
The estrogen component of RIVELSA may raise the serum concentrations of thyroxine-binding globulin, sex hormone-binding globulin and cortisol-binding globulin. The dose of replacement thyroid hormone or cortisol therapy may need to be increased.
6. Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
The following serious adverse reactions with the use of COCs are discussed elsewhere in the labeling:
- Serious cardiovascular events [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
- Vascular events [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)]
- Liver disease [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]
6.1 Clinical Trial Experience
Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to the rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.
The safety data described below are from a 12-month, US, open-label study, which enrolled women aged 18-40, of whom 3,597 took at least one dose of RIVELSA (2,661 woman-years of exposure) [see Clinical Studies (14)].
Adverse Reactions Leading to Study Discontinuation: 13.3% of the women discontinued from the clinical trial due to an adverse reaction; the most common adverse reactions (≥1% of women) leading to discontinuation were heavy/irregular bleeding (5.0%), mood swings/alteration/affect lability (1.4%), headaches/migraines (1.3%), weight increased (1.3%) and acne (1.0%).
Common Adverse Reactions (≥2% of women): headaches (12.2%), heavy/irregular vaginal bleeding (9.7%), nausea/vomiting (8.8%), acne (5.4%), dysmenorrhea (5.4%), weight increased (4.6%), mood changes (depression, depressed mood, crying, major depression, affective disorder, depression suicidal, dysthymic disorder) (2.9%), anxiety/panic attack (2.4%), breast tenderness/pain/discomfort (2.2%), migraine (2.0%).
Serious Adverse Reactions (≥2 women): abortion spontaneous, suicide attempt, cholecystitis/cholelithiasis, deep vein thrombosis, ectopic pregnancy.
6.2 Postmarketing Experience
Five studies that compared breast cancer risk between ever-users (current or past use) of COCs and never-users of COCs reported no association between ever use of COCs and breast cancer risk, with effect estimates ranging from 0.90 - 1.12 (Figure 3).
Three studies compared breast cancer risk between current or recent COC users (<6 months since last use) and never users of COCs (Figure 2). One of these studies reported no association between breast cancer risk and COC use. The other two studies found an increased relative risk of 1.19 - 1.33 with current or recent use. Both of these studies found an increased risk of breast cancer with current use of longer duration, with relative risks ranging from 1.03 with less than one year of COC use to approximately 1.4 with more than 8-10 years of COC use.
Figure 3: Relevant Studies of Risk of Breast Cancer with Combined Oral Contraceptives
RR = relative risk; OR = odds ratio; HR = hazard ratio. “ever COC” are females with current or past COC use; “never COC use” are females that never used COCs.
The following adverse reactions have been identified during post-approval use of extended-cycle COCs containing levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.
Gastrointestinal disorders: abdominal distension, vomiting
General disorders and administration site conditions: chest pain, fatigue, malaise, edema peripheral, pain
Immune system disorders: hypersensitivity reaction
Investigations: blood pressure increased
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders: muscle spasms, pain in extremity
Nervous system disorders: dizziness, loss of consciousness
Psychiatric disorders: insomnia
Reproductive and breast disorders: dysmenorrhea
Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders: pulmonary embolism, pulmonary thrombosis
Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: alopecia
Vascular disorders: thrombosis
7. Drug Interactions
The sections below provide information on substances for which data on drug interactions with COCs are available. There is little information available about the clinical effect of most drug interactions that may affect COCs. However, based on the known pharmacokinetic effects of these drugs, clinical strategies to minimize any potential adverse effect on contraceptive effectiveness or safety are suggested.
Consult the approved product labeling of all concurrently used drugs to obtain further information about interactions with COCs or the potential for metabolic enzyme or transporter system alterations.
No drug-drug interaction studies were conducted with RIVELSA.
7.1 Effects of Other Drugs on Combined Oral Contraceptives
Substances Decreasing the Plasma Concentrations of COCs and Potentially Diminishing the Efficacy of COCs:
Table 3 includes substances that demonstrated an important drug interaction with RIVELSA.
Table 3: Significant Drug Interactions Involving Substances That Affect COCs
|
Metabolic Enzyme Inducers |
|
|
Clinical effect |
|
|
Prevention or management |
|
|
Examples |
Aprepitant, barbiturates, bosentan, carbamazepine, efavirenz, felbamate, griseofulvin, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin, rifampin, rifabutin, rufinamide, topiramate, products containing St. John’s worta, and certain protease inhibitors (see separate section on protease inhibitors below). |
|
Colesevelam |
|
|
Clinical effect |
|
|
Prevention or management |
Administer 4 or more hours apart to attenuate this drug interaction. |
a Induction potency of St. John’s wort may vary widely based on preparation.
Substances increasing the systemic exposure of COCs:
Co-administration of atorvastatin or rosuvastatin and COCs containing ethinyl estradiol increase systemic exposure of ethinyl estradiol by approximately 20 to 25 percent. Ascorbic acid and acetaminophen may increase systemic exposure of ethinyl estradiol, possibly by inhibition of conjugation. CYP3A4 inhibitors such as itraconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole, grapefruit juice, or ketoconazole may increase systemic exposure of the estrogen and/or progestin component of COCs.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors:
Significant decreases in systemic exposure of the estrogen and/or progestin have been noted when COCs are co-administered with some HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., nelfinavir, ritonavir, darunavir/ritonavir, (fos)amprenavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir, and tipranavir/ritonavir), some HCV protease inhibitors (e.g., boceprevir and telaprevir), and some non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (e.g., nevirapine).
In contrast, significant increases in systemic exposure of the estrogen and/or progestin have been noted when COCs are co-administered with certain other HIV protease inhibitors (e.g., indinavir and atazanavir/ritonavir) and with other non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (e.g., etravirine).
7.2 Effects of Combined Oral Contraceptives on Other Drugs
Table 4 provides significant drug interaction information for drugs co-administered with RIVELSA.
Table 4: Significant Drug Interaction Information for Drugs Co-Administered With COCs
|
Lamotrigine |
|
|
Clinical effect |
|
|
Prevention or management |
Dose adjustment may be necessary. Consult the approved product labeling for lamotrigine. |
|
Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy or Corticosteroid Replacement Therapy |
|
|
Clinical effect |
Concomitant use of COCs with thyroid hormone replacement therapy or corticosteroid replacement therapy may increase systemic exposure of thyroid-binding and cortisol-binding globulin [see Warnings and Precautions (5.12)]. |
|
Prevention or management |
The dose of replacement thyroid hormone or cortisol therapy may need to be increased. Consult the approved product labeling for the therapy in use [see Warnings and Precautions (5.12)]. |
|
Other Drugs |
|
|
Clinical effect |
Concomitant use of COCs may decrease systemic exposure of acetaminophen, morphine, salicylic acid, and temazepam. Concomitant use with ethinyl estradiol-containing COCs may increase systemic exposure of other drugs (e.g., cyclosporine, prednisolone, theophylline, tizanidine, and voriconazole). |
|
Prevention or management |
The dosage of drugs that can be affected by this interaction may need to be increased. Consult the approved product labeling for the concomitantly used drug. |
7.3 Concomitant Use with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Combination Therapy – Liver Enzyme Elevation
Do not co-administer RIVELSA with HCV drug combinations containing ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, with or without dasabuvir [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)], and glecaprevir/pibrentasvir due to potential for ALT elevations.
8. Use In Specific Populations
8.1 Pregnancy
Risk Summary
There is no use for contraception in pregnancy; therefore, RIVELSA should be discontinued during pregnancy. Epidemiologic studies and meta-analyses have not found an increased risk of genital or non-genital birth defects (including cardiac anomalies and limb-reduction defects) following exposure to CHCs before conception or during early pregnancy.
In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4 percent and 15 to 20 percent, respectively.
8.2 Lactation
Risk Summary
Contraceptive hormones and/or metabolites are present in human milk. CHCs can reduce milk production in breastfeeding females. This reduction can occur at any time but is less likely to occur once breastfeeding is well-established. When possible, advise the nursing female to use other methods of contraception until she discontinues breastfeeding [See Dosage and Administration (2.1)].The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother’s clinical need for RIVELSA and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from RIVELSA or the underlying maternal condition.
8.4 Pediatric Use
Safety and efficacy of RIVELSA have been established in women of reproductive age. Efficacy is expected to be the same for postpubertal adolescents under the age of 18 as for users 18 years and older. Use of RIVELSA before menarche is not indicated.
8.6 Hepatic Impairment
No studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of hepatic impairment on the disposition of RIVELSA. However, steroid hormones may be poorly metabolized in patients with hepatic impairment. RIVELSA is contraindicated in females with acute hepatitis or severe decompensated cirrhosis. [See Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.2)]
10. Overdosage
There have been no reports of serious ill effects from overdose of oral contraceptives, including ingestion by children. Overdosage may cause withdrawal bleeding in females and nausea.
11. Rivelsa Description
RIVELSA (levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol and ethinyl estradiol) tablets is an extended-cycle oral contraceptive. RIVELSA consists of 42 light pink tablets containing 0.15 mg levonorgestrel and 0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol, 21 pink tablets containing 0.15 mg levonorgestrel and 0.025 mg ethinyl estradiol, and 21 purple tablets containing 0.15 mg levonorgestrel and 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol, and 7 yellow tablets containing 0.01 mg ethinyl estradiol. Levonorgestrel is a progestin and ethinyl estradiol is an estrogen.
The structural formulas, molecular formulas, molecular weights, and chemical names for the active components are shown below:
Levonorgestrel
C21H28O2 MW: 312.4
Levonorgestrel is chemically 18,19-Dinorpregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one, 13-ethyl-17-hydroxy-(17α)-(-)-.
Ethinyl Estradiol
C20H24O2 MW: 296.4
Ethinyl Estradiol is 19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol, (17α)-.
Each light pink tablet contains the following inactive ingredients:
anhydrous lactose, D&C Red no. 27/phloxine aluminum lake, FD&C Blue no. 2/Indigo Carmine aluminum lake, FD&C Yellow no. 6/Sunset Yellow FCF aluminum lake, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol/macrogol, titanium dioxide, and triacetin.
Each pink tablet contains the following inactive ingredients:
anhydrous lactose, D&C Red no. 27/phloxine aluminum lake, FD&C Blue no. 2/Indigo Carmine aluminum lake, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol/macrogol, titanium dioxide and triacetin.
Each purple tablet contains the following inactive ingredients:
anhydrous lactose, D&C Red no. 27/phloxine aluminum lake, FD&C Blue no. 1/Brilliant Blue FCF aluminum lake, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol/macrogol, titanium dioxide and triacetin.
Each yellow tablet contains the following inactive ingredients:
anhydrous lactose, D&C Yellow no. 10 aluminum lake, FD&C Yellow no. 6/Sunset Yellow FCF aluminum lake, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polacrilin potassium, polyethylene glycol/macrogol, polysorbate 80 and titanium dioxide.
12. Rivelsa - Clinical Pharmacology
12.3 Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
Ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel are absorbed with maximum plasma concentrations occurring within 2 hours after RIVELSA administration. Levonorgestrel is completely absorbed after oral administration (bioavailability nearly 100%) and is not subject to first-pass metabolism. Ethinyl estradiol is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract but, due to first-pass metabolism in gut mucosa and liver, the bioavailability of ethinyl estradiol is approximately 40%. The effect of food on the rate and the extent of levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol absorption following oral administration of RIVELSA has not been evaluated.
The mean plasma pharmacokinetic parameters of levonorgestrel following administration of another levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol combination tablet with an equal dose of levonorgestrel for 84 days, in healthy women are reported in Table 5.
Table 5: Mean Pharmacokinetic Parameters for 150 mcg Levonorgestrel Following Administration of a Levonorgestrel/Ethinyl Estradiol Combination Tablet Once Daily for 84 Days
|
|
AUC0-24 hr (mean ± SD) |
Cmax (mean ± SD) |
Tmax (mean ± SD) |
|
Day 1 |
18.2 ± 6.1 ng•hr/mL |
3.0 ± 1.0 ng/mL |
1.3 ± 0.4 hours |
|
Day 21 |
64.4 ± 25.1 ng•hr/mL |
6.2 ± 1.6 ng/mL |
1.3 ± 0.4 hours |
|
Day 84 |
60.2 ± 24.6 ng•hr/mL |
5.5 ± 1.6 ng/mL |
1.3 ± 0.3 hours |
Following repeated daily dosing of levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol oral contraceptives, levonorgestrel plasma concentrations accumulate more than predicted based on single-dose pharmacokinetics, due in part, to increased sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels that are induced by ethinyl estradiol, and a possible reduction in hepatic metabolic capacity.
Systemic exposure to ethinyl estradiol following administration of a levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol combination tablet increases linearly in an approximate dose-proportional manner over the range of doses of 20 mcg to 30 mcg within this product. Systemic exposure to ethinyl estradiol (as assessed by AUC) at steady state following administration of levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol oral contraceptives is approximately 20% higher than expected based on single-dose data for the dose range of 20-30 mcg.
Distribution
The apparent volume of distribution of levonorgestrel is reported to be approximately 1.8 L/kg. Levonorgestrel is about 97.5 - 99% protein-bound, principally to SHBG and, to a lesser extent, serum albumin.
The apparent volume of distribution of ethinyl estradiol is reported to be approximately 4.3 L/kg. Ethinyl estradiol is about 95-97% bound to serum albumin. Ethinyl estradiol does not bind to SHBG, but induces SHBG synthesis, which leads to decreased levonorgestrel clearance.
Metabolism
Following absorption, levonorgestrel is conjugated at the 17β-OH position to form sulfate and to a lesser extent, glucuronide conjugates in plasma. Significant amounts of conjugated and unconjugated 3α,5β-tetrahydrolevonorgestrel are also present in plasma, along with much smaller amounts of 3α,5α-tetrahydrolevonorgestrel and 16β-hydroxylevonorgestrel. Levonorgestrel and its phase I metabolites are excreted primarily as glucuronide conjugates. Metabolic clearance rates may differ among individuals by several-fold, and this may account in part for the wide variation observed in levonorgestrel concentrations among users.
First-pass metabolism of ethinyl estradiol involves formation of ethinyl estradiol-3-sulfate in the gut wall, followed by 2-hydroxylation of a portion of the remaining untransformed ethinyl estradiol by hepatic cytochrome P-450 3A4 (CYP3A4). Levels of CYP3A4 vary widely among individuals and can explain the variation in rates of ethinyl estradiol hydroxylation. Hydroxylation at the 4-, 6-, and 16- positions may also occur, although to a much lesser extent than 2-hydroxylation. The various hydroxylated metabolites are subject to further methylation and/or conjugation.
Excretion
About 45% of levonorgestrel and its metabolites are excreted in the urine and about 32% are excreted in feces, mostly as glucuronide conjugates. The mean terminal elimination half-life for levonorgestrel after a single dose of RIVELSA ranged from 36-41 hours.
Ethinyl estradiol is excreted in the urine and feces as glucuronide and sulfate conjugates, and it undergoes enterohepatic recirculation. The terminal elimination half-life of ethinyl estradiol following single doses of RIVELSA is approximately 16.5 hours.
14. Clinical Studies
In a 12-month, multicenter, open-label, single-arm clinical trial conducted in the US, 3,667 women, 18-40 years old, were enrolled and 3,565 were treated for up to four 91-day cycles, which equates to thirteen 28-day cycles, to assess the safety and efficacy of RIVELSA, completing the equivalent of 33,895 28-day cycles of exposure. The racial demographic of those treated was: Caucasian (64%), African-American (19%), Hispanic (11%), Asian (2%), and Other (3%). There were no exclusions for body mass index (BMI) or weight. The weight range of those women treated was 83 to 402 lbs., with a mean weight of 162.5 lbs. Among the women in the trial, 44% were current hormonal contraceptive users, 39% were prior users (who had used hormonal contraceptives in the past), and 17% were new starters. Of treated women, 13.2% were lost to follow-up, 12.8% discontinued due to an adverse event, and 6.1% discontinued by withdrawing their consent.
The pregnancy rate (Pearl Index [PI]) in women aged 18-35 years was 3.19 pregnancies per 100 woman-years of use (95% confidence interval 2.49, 4.03), based on 70 pregnancies that occurred after the onset of treatment and up to and including 7 days after the last pill. Cycles in which conception did not occur, but which included the use of backup contraception, were not included in the calculation of the PI. The PI includes patients who did not take the drug correctly.
16. How is Rivelsa supplied
How Supplied
RIVELSA (levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol and ethinyl estradiol) tablets are available as round, film-coated, unscored, biconvex tablets debossed with TV on one side, packaged in an Extended-Cycle Tablet Dispenser, each containing a 13-week supply of the tablets in the following order:
- 42 light pink tablets, each containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol: debossed with 076 on the other side
- 21 pink tablets containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.025 mg ethinyl estradiol: debossed with 075 on the other side
- 21 purple tablets containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol: debossed with 074 on the other side and
- 7 yellow tablets containing 0.01 mg of ethinyl estradiol: debossed with 077 on the other side
Box of 2 Extended-Cycle Tablet Dispensers NDC 0093-6031-82
Storage and Handling
Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F) [See USP Controlled Room Temperature].
17. Patient Counseling Information
Advise the patient to read the FDA-approved patient labeling (Patient Information and Instructions for Use).
Counsel patients about the following information:
Cigarette Smoking
Cigarette smoking increases the risk of serious cardiovascular events from COC use, Women who are over 35 years old and smoke should not use RIVELSA [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Venous Thromboembolism
Increased risk of VTE compared to non-users of COCs is greatest after initially starting a COC or restarting (following a 4-week or greater pill-free interval) the same or a different COC [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)].
Use during Pregnancy
Instruct females to stop RIVELSA if pregnancy is confirmed during treatment.
Sexually Transmitted Infections
RIVELSA does not protect against HIV infection and other sexually transmitted infections.
Dosing and Missed Pill Instructions
Patients should take one tablet daily by mouth at the same time every day. Instruct patients what to do in the event pills are missed. See [see Dosage and Administration (2.3)]. Instruct patients to see, “What to do if you miss pills” section of the FDA-Approved Instructions for Use.
Need for Additional Contraception
Postpartum females who have not yet had a period when they start RIVELSA need to use an additional method of contraception until they have taken a light pink tablet for 7 consecutive days [see Dosage and Administration (2.2)].
There is a need for a backup or alternative method of contraception when enzyme inducers are used with RIVELSA [see Drug Interactions (7.1)].
Lactation
RIVELSA may reduce breast milk production. This is less likely to occur if breastfeeding is well established. When possible, nursing women should use other methods of contraception until they have discontinued breastfeeding [see Use in Specific Populations (8.2)].
Amenorrhea and Possible Symptoms of Pregnancy
Amenorrhea may occur [see Warnings and Precautions (5.9)]. Advise the patient to contact a healthcare provider in the event of amenorrhea with symptoms of pregnancy, such as morning sickness or unusual breast tenderness [see Use in Specific Populations (8.1].
Depression
Depressed mood and depression may occur. Women should contact their healthcare provider if mood changes and depressive symptoms occur, including shortly after initiating the treatment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.10)].
Manufactured for:
Teva Pharmaceuticals
Parsippany, NJ 07054
Rev. 10/2024
RIV-005
©2024 Teva Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
FDA-approved Patient Labeling
PATIENT INFORMATION
RIVELSA®
(levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol and ethinyl estradiol tablets)
What is the most important information I should know about RIVELSA?
Do not use RIVELSA if you smoke cigarettes and are over 35 years old. Smoking increases your risk of serious cardiovascular side effects from birth control pills, including death from heart attack, blood clots or stroke. This risk increases with age and the number of cigarettes you smoke.
What is RIVELSA?
RIVELSA is a birth control pill (hormonal contraceptive) used by women to prevent pregnancy. It contains two female hormones, an estrogen called ethinyl estradiol, and a progestin called levonorgestrel.
How does RIVELSA work for contraception?
Your chance of getting pregnant depends on how well you follow the directions for taking your birth control pills. The more carefully you follow the directions, the less chance you have of getting pregnant.
Based on the results of a single clinical study lasting 12 months, 2 to 4 women out of 100 women may get pregnant during the first year they use RIVELSA.
The following chart shows the chance of getting pregnant for women who use different methods of birth control. Each box on the chart contains a list of birth control methods that are similar in effectiveness. The most effective methods are at the top of the chart. The box on the bottom of the chart shows the chance of getting pregnant for women who do not use birth control and are trying to get pregnant.
Who should not take RIVELSA?
Do not take RIVELSA if you:
- smoke and are over 35 years of age
- had blood clots in your arms, legs, eyes, or lungs
- have certain heart valve problems or heart rhythm abnormalities that can cause blood clots to form in the heart
- had a stroke
- had a heart attack
- have an inherited problem with your blood that makes it clot more than normal
- have liver disease, including liver tumors
- have high blood pressure that medicine can't control
- take any Hepatitis C drug combination containing ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir, with or without dasabuvir. This may increase levels of the liver enzyme “alanine aminotransferase” (ALT) in the blood
- have diabetes with kidney, eye, nerve, or blood vessel damage
- have certain kinds of severe migraine headaches with aura, numbness, weakness or changes in vision, or have any migraine headaches if you are over age 35
- have any unexplained bleeding from the vagina
- had breast cancer which may be sensitive to female hormones
If any of these conditions happens to you while you are taking RIVELSA, stop taking RIVELSA right away and talk to your healthcare provider. Use non-hormonal contraception (such as condoms and spermicide) when you stop taking RIVELSA.
What should I tell my healthcare provider before taking RIVELSA?
Tell your healthcare provider if you:
- are pregnant or think you may be pregnant
- are depressed now or have been depressed in the past
- had yellowing of your skin or eyes (jaundice) caused by pregnancy (cholestasis of pregnancy)
- are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. RIVELSA may decrease the amount of breast milk you make. A small amount of the hormones in RIVELSA may pass into your breast milk. Talk to your healthcare provider about the best birth control method for you while breastfeeding.
Tell your healthcare provider if you have ever had any of the conditions listed in, “Who should not take RIVELSA” above. Your healthcare provider may recommend another method of birth control.
Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements.
RIVELSA may affect the way other medicines work, and other medicines may affect how well RIVELSA works.
Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of them to show your healthcare provider and pharmacist when you get a new medicine.
How should I take RIVELSA?
Read the Instructions for Use at the end of this Patient Information.
What are the most serious risks of taking birth control pills?
Like pregnancy, birth control pills increase the risk of serious blood clots, especially in women who have other risk factors, such as smoking, obesity, or age greater than 35. This increased risk is highest when you first start taking birth control pills and when you restart the same or different birth control pills after not using them for a month or more.
It is possible to die from a problem caused by a blood clot, such as a heart attack or a stroke. Some examples of serious blood clots are blood clots in the:
- Legs (deep vein thrombosis)
- Lungs (pulmonary embolus)
- Eyes (loss of eyesight)
- Heart (heart attack)
- Brain (stroke)
Women who take birth control pills may get:
- High blood pressure
- Gallbladder problems
- Rare cancerous or noncancerous liver tumors
All of these events are uncommon in healthy women.
Call your healthcare provider right away if you have:
- Persistent leg pain
- Sudden shortness of breath
- Sudden blindness, partial or complete
- Severe pain or pressure in your chest
- Sudden, severe headache unlike your usual headaches
- Weakness or numbness in an arm or leg, or trouble speaking
- Yellowing of the skin or eyeballs
What are common side effects of birth control pills?
The most common side effects of birth control pills are:
- Spotting or bleeding between menstrual periods
- Nausea
- Breast tenderness
- Headache
These side effects are usually mild and usually disappear with time.
Less common side effects are:
- Acne
- Less sexual desire
- Bloating or fluid retention
- Blotchy darkening of the skin, especially on the face
- High blood sugar, especially in women who already have diabetes
- High fat (cholesterol, triglyceride) levels in the blood
- Depression, especially if you have had depression in the past. Call your healthcare provider immediately if you have any thoughts of harming yourself.
- Problems tolerating contact lenses
- Weight gain
This is not a complete list of possible side effects. Talk to your healthcare provider if you develop any side effects that concern you. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1‑800-FDA-1088.
No serious problems have been reported from a birth control pill overdose, even when accidentally taken by children.
What else should I know about taking RIVELSA?
Birth control pills do not protect you against any sexually transmitted infection, including HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.
Do not skip any pills, even if you do not have sex often.
Birth control pills should not be taken during pregnancy. However, birth control pills taken by accident during pregnancy are not known to cause birth defects.
You should stop RIVELSA at least four weeks before you have major surgery and not restart it for at least two weeks after the surgery, due to an increased risk of blood clots.
If you are breastfeeding, consider another birth control method until you are ready to stop breastfeeding. Birth control pills that contain estrogen, like RIVELSA, may decrease the amount of milk you make. A small amount of the pill's hormones pass into breast milk.
Tell your healthcare provider about all medicines and herbal products that you take. Some medicines and herbal products may make birth control pills less effective, including:
- barbiturates
- bosentan
- carbamazepine
- felbamate
- griseofulvin
- oxcarbazepine
- phenytoin
- rifampin
- St. John’s wort
- topiramate
Use a backup or alternative birth control method when you take medicines that may make birth control pills less effective.
If you have vomiting or diarrhea, your birth control pills may not work as well. Use another birth control method, like condoms and spermicide, until you check with your healthcare provider.
Birth control pills may interact with lamotrigine, an anticonvulsant used for epilepsy. This may increase the risk of seizures, so your healthcare provider may need to adjust the dose of lamotrigine.
Women on thyroid hormone replacement therapy may need increased doses of thyroid hormone.
How should I store RIVELSA?
- Store RIVELSA at room temperature between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
- Keep RIVELSA and all medicines out of the reach of children.
General information about RIVELSA
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Patient Information leaflet. Do not use RIVELSA for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give RIVELSA to anyone else.
If you have concerns or questions, ask your healthcare provider. You may also ask your healthcare provider for a more detailed label written for medical professionals.
Do birth control pills cause cancer?
It is not known if hormonal birth control pills cause breast cancer. Some studies, but not all, suggest that there could be a slight increase in the risk of breast cancer among current users with longer duration of use.
If you have breast cancer now, or have had it in the past, do not use hormonal birth control because some breast cancers are sensitive to hormones.
Women who use birth control pills may have a slightly higher chance of getting cervical cancer. However, this may be due to other reasons such as having more sexual partners.
What if I want to become pregnant?
You may stop taking the pill whenever you wish. Consider a visit with your healthcare provider for a pre-pregnancy checkup before you stop taking the pill.
What should I know about my period when taking RIVELSA?
When you take RIVELSA, which has a 91-day extended dosing cycle, you should expect to have 4 scheduled periods per year (bleeding when you are taking the 7 yellow pills). Each period is likely to last about 3-4 days. However, you will probably have more bleeding or spotting between your scheduled periods than if you were using a birth control pill with a 28-day dosing cycle. This bleeding or spotting tends to decrease with each additional cycle. Do not stop taking RIVELSA because of this bleeding or spotting. If the spotting continues for more than 7 consecutive days or if the bleeding is heavy, call your healthcare provider.
What if I miss my scheduled period when taking RIVELSA?
You should consider the possibility that you are pregnant if you miss your scheduled period (no bleeding on the days that you are taking yellow pills). Because scheduled periods are less frequent when you are taking RIVELSA, notify your healthcare provider that you have missed your period and that you are taking RIVELSA. Also notify your healthcare provider if you have symptoms of pregnancy such as morning sickness or unusual breast tenderness. It is important that your healthcare provider evaluates you to determine if you are pregnant. Stop taking RIVELSA if it is determined that you are pregnant.
What are the ingredients in RIVELSA?
Active ingredients:
Light pink tablets, pink tablets, purple tablets: levonorgestrel acetate and ethinyl estradiol
Yellow tablets: ethinyl estradiol
Inactive ingredients:
Light pink tablets: anhydrous lactose, D&C Red no. 27/phloxine aluminum lake, FD&C Blue no. 2/Indigo Carmine aluminum lake, FD&C Yellow no. 6/Sunset Yellow FCF aluminum lake, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol/macrogol, titanium dioxide, and triacetin.
Pink tablets: anhydrous lactose, D&C Red no. 27/phloxine aluminum lake, FD&C Blue no. 2/Indigo Carmine aluminum lake, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol/macrogol, titanium dioxide and triacetin.
Purple tablets: anhydrous lactose, D&C Red no. 27/phloxine aluminum lake, FD&C Blue no. 1/Brilliant Blue FCF aluminum lake, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol/macrogol, titanium dioxide and triacetin.
Yellow tablets: anhydrous lactose, D&C Yellow no. 10 aluminum lake, FD&C Yellow no. 6/Sunset Yellow FCF aluminum lake, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polacrilin potassium, polyethylene glycol/macrogol, polysorbate 80 and titanium dioxide.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE
RIVELSA®
(levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol and ethinyl estradiol tablets)
Important information about taking RIVELSA
- Take one pill every day at the same time. Take pills in the order directed on the Extended-Cycle Tablet Dispenser.
- Do not skip pills or delay taking your pills. If you miss pills (including starting the pack late), you could get pregnant. The more pills you miss, the more likely you are to get pregnant.
- You may have spotting or light bleeding or feel sick to your stomach during the first few months of taking RIVELSA. If you feel sick to your stomach, do not stop taking the pill. The problem will usually go away. If it doesn't go away, check with your healthcare provider.
- If you vomit or have diarrhea within 4 hours after taking your pill, follow the instructions in, “What to do if you miss pills.”
- Missing pills can also cause spotting or light bleeding, even when you take the missed pills later. On the days you take 2 pills to make up for missed pills, you could also feel a little sick to your stomach.
- If you have trouble remembering to take RIVELSA, talk to your healthcare provider about how to make pill-taking easier or about using another method of birth control.
Before you start taking RIVELSA
- Decide what time of day you want to take your pill. It is important to take it at about the same time every day.
- Look at your Extended-Cycle Tablet Dispenser. Your Extended-Cycle Tablet Dispenser consists of 3 trays with cards that hold 91 individually sealed pills (a 13-week or 91-day cycle). The 91 pills consist of 42 light pink tablets, each containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol, 21 pink tablets containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.025 mg ethinyl estradiol, 21 purple tablets containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol, and 7 yellow tablets containing 0.01 mg of ethinyl estradiol.
Tray 1 contains 4 rows of 7 light pink pills.
Tray 2 contains 2 rows of 7 light pink pills (a total of 14 light pink pills) followed by 2 rows of 7 pink pills (a total of 14 pink pills).
Tray 3 contains 1 row of 7 pink pills, followed by three rows of 7 purple pills (a total of 21 purple pills), followed by the last row, which contains 7 yellow pills.
- Also find:
- Where on the first tray in the pack to start taking pills (upper left corner at the start arrow) and
- In what order to take the pills (follow the weeks and arrow).
- Be sure you have another kind of birth control (such as condoms and spermicide) ready at all times, to use as a backup in case you miss pills.
When to start RIVELSA
- Take the first light pink pill on the Sunday after your period starts, even if you are still bleeding. If your period begins on Sunday, start the first light pink pill that same day.
- Use another method of birth control (such as condoms and spermicide) as a backup method if you have sex anytime from the Sunday you start your first light pink pill until the next Sunday (first 7 days).
If you are switching from another birth control method:
If you have been using a different hormonal method of birth control (such as a different pill, the “patch,” or the “vaginal ring”), wait for your next period and begin taking RIVELSA on the Sunday after your period starts as instructed in steps 1 and 2 in, “When to start RIVELSA” above. You need to use another method of birth control (such as condoms and spermicide) each time you have sex after stopping your old method of birth control until you have taken RIVELSA for 7 days.
If you have recently given birth and have not yet had a period, use another method of birth control if you have sex (such as condoms and spermicide) as a backup method until you have taken RIVELSA for 7 days.
How to take RIVELSA
- Take one pill at the same time every day until you have taken the last pill in the Extended-Cycle Tablet Dispenser.
- Do not skip pills even if you are experiencing spotting or bleeding or feel sick to your stomach (nausea).
- Do not skip pills even if you do not have sex very often.
- Do not skip the yellow pills because they are not placebo pills (“sugar pills”). They contain ethinyl estradiol.
- When you finish a tablet dispenser
- After taking the last yellow pill, start taking the first light pink pill from a new Extended-Cycle Tablet Dispenser the very next day (this should be on a Sunday) regardless of when your period started.
- If you miss your scheduled period when you are taking the yellow pills, contact your healthcare provider because you may be pregnant. If you are pregnant, you should stop taking RIVELSA.
What to do if you miss pills
If you MISS 1 light pink, pink or purple pill:
- Take it as soon as you remember. Take the next pill at your regular time. This means you may take 2 pills in 1 day.
- You do not need to use a backup birth control method if you have sex.
If you MISS 2 light pink, pink or purple pills in a row:
- Take 2 pills on the day you remember, and 2 pills the next day.
- Then take 1 pill a day until you finish the pack.
- You could become pregnant if you have sex in the 7 days after you miss two pills. You MUST use another birth control method (such as condoms and spermicide) as a backup for the 7 days after you restart your pills.
If you MISS 3 OR MORE light pink, pink or purple pills in a row:
- Do not take the missed pills. Keep taking 1 pill every day as indicated on the pack until you have completed all of the remaining pills in the pack. For example: If you resume taking the pill on Thursday, take the pill under “Thursday” and do not take the missed pills. You may experience bleeding during the week following the missed pills.
- You could become pregnant if you have sex during the days of missed pills or during the first 7 days after restarting your pills.
- You MUST use a non-hormonal birth control method (such as condoms and spermicide) as a backup when you miss pills and for the first 7 days after you restart your pills. If you do not have your period when you are taking the yellow pills, call your healthcare provider because you may be pregnant.
If you MISS ANY of the 7 yellow pills:
- Throw away the missed pills.
- Take the next scheduled pill at the scheduled time.
- You do not need a backup method of birth control.
Finally, if you are still not sure what to do about the pills you have missed
- Use a backup method anytime you have sex.
- Keep taking one pill each day until you contact your healthcare provider.
If you have any questions or are unsure about the information in this leaflet, call your healthcare provider.
Manufactured for:
Teva Pharmaceuticals
Parsippany, NJ 07054
This Patient Information and Instructions for Use has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Revised: 10/2024
RIVPL-005
©2024 Teva Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Package/Label Display Panel, Part 1 of 2
NDC 0093-6031-82
RIVELSA™
(levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol) tablets
0.15 mg/0.02 mg, 0.15 mg/0.025 mg,
0.15 mg/0.03 mg
(ethinyl estradiol) tablets
0.01 mg
Usual Dosage:
One tablet daily for 91 consecutive days in the following order: 42 light pink tablets each
containing 0.15 mg levonorgestrel and 0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol, 21 pink tablets each
containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.025 mg ethinyl estradiol, and 21 purple
tablets each containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol, and
7 yellow tablets each containing 0.01 mg of ethinyl estradiol.
Pharmacist: Dispense patient information with each prescription.
Rx only
2 Extended-Cycle Tablet Dispensers,
91 Tablets Each
TEVA
Package/Label Display Panel, Part 2 of 2
NDC 0093-6031-82
RIVELSA™
(levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol) tablets
0.15 mg/0.02 mg, 0.15 mg/0.025 mg,
0.15 mg/0.03 mg
(ethinyl estradiol) tablets
0.01 mg
Usual Dosage:
One tablet daily for 91 consecutive days in the following order: 42 light pink tablets each
containing 0.15 mg levonorgestrel and 0.02 mg ethinyl estradiol, 21 pink tablets each
containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.025 mg ethinyl estradiol, and 21 purple
tablets each containing 0.15 mg of levonorgestrel and 0.03 mg ethinyl estradiol, and
7 yellow tablets each containing 0.01 mg of ethinyl estradiol.
Pharmacist: Dispense patient information with each prescription.
Rx only
2 Extended-Cycle Tablet Dispensers,
91 Tablets Each
TEVA
| RIVELSA
levonorgestrel/ethinyl estradiol and ethinyl estradiol kit |
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| Labeler - Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. (001627975) |
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