Erenumab-aooe (Monograph)

Brand name: Aimovig
Drug class: Calcitonin Gene-related Peptide (CGRP) Antagonists

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com on May 10, 2024. Written by ASHP.

[Web]

Introduction

Antimigraine agent; recombinant fully human IgG₂ monoclonal antibody that targets calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor.^{1 8 9}

Uses for Erenumab-aooe

Preventive Treatment of Migraine

Preventive treatment of migraine in adults.^{1 2 3 4 7}

Substantially reduces monthly migraine days and acute antimigraine agent-use days in patients with episodic or chronic migraine (with or without aura) when compared with placebo.^{1 2 3 4}

The American Headache Society (AHS) states that erenumab and other anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies offer a number of advantages over some oral migraine preventive therapies, including no need for dosage escalation, rapid onset of therapeutic activity, minimal risk of adverse drug reactions, favorable overall tolerability profiles, and demonstrated efficacy after failure of prior preventive treatments or in combination with oral preventive treatments.¹²

In 2024, AHS stated that CGRP-targeting therapies should be considered a first-line approach for migraine prevention along with previous first-line treatments, without a requirement for prior failure of other migraine preventive drug classes.²²

Erenumab-aooe Dosage and Administration

General

Patient Monitoring

• Monitor patients for hypersensitivity reactions.¹

• Monitor patients for severe constipation.¹

• Monitor patients for new-onset or worsening hypertension.¹

Administration

Administer by sub-Q injection once monthly.¹

Commercially available in single-dose prefilled auto-injectors (i.e., injection pens) and single-dose prefilled syringes containing 70 or 140 mg of the drug;^{1 17} intended for patient self-administration.¹

Sub-Q Administration

Administer by sub-Q injection into the abdomen, thigh, or outer area of upper arm; avoid injections within 2 inches of the navel.¹ Use upper arm only if someone other than the patient (e.g., caregiver, healthcare professional) is administering the injection.¹ Avoid injection into areas where the skin is tender, bruised, erythematous, or indurated.¹

Prior to use, provide patients and/or caregivers with proper training on how to prepare and administer erenumab-aooe sub-Q using the prefilled auto-injectors or syringes, including aseptic technique.¹ Consult manufacturer's labeling for detailed instructions.¹

Prior to sub-Q administration, remove prefilled auto-injector or syringe from carton and allow to sit at room temperature for ≥30 minutes; avoid exposure to direct sunlight.¹ Do not warm auto-injectors and syringes using a heat source (e.g., microwave, hot water).¹ Do not use if the solution is cloudy or discolored or contains flakes or particles.¹

Prefilled auto-injectors and syringes are intended for single-use only; discard any unused portions.¹

Dosage

Adults

Migraine

Preventive Treatment

Sub-Q

70 mg once monthly.¹ May consider 140 mg once monthly in some patients.¹ Gradual dosage titration not necessary; may initiate therapy with either the 70- or 140-mg dose.¹²

If a dose is missed, administer the missed dose as soon as possible.¹ May then schedule subsequent doses once monthly from the date of the last administered dose.¹

When initiating therapy with erenumab or another anti-CGRP monoclonal antibody in patients already receiving a preventive treatment for migraine, the American Headache Society (AHS) recommends adding the anti-CGRP monoclonal antibody to the existing antimigraine regimen.¹² Consider onset and magnitude of effect with the anti-CGRP monoclonal antibody when deciding whether to discontinue the existing therapy.²¹

Assess clinical efficacy after 3 months of treatment; continue therapy only if treatment benefits have been observed by that time.²¹

Special Populations

Hepatic Impairment

No specific dosage recommendations.¹

Renal Impairment

No specific dosage recommendations.¹

Geriatric Patients

Select dosage carefully, usually starting at the low end of the dosage range.¹

Related/similar drugs

acetaminophen, ibuprofen, amitriptyline, diclofenac, naproxen, propranolol, Tylenol

Cautions for Erenumab-aooe

Contraindications

• Serious hypersensitivity to erenumab-aooe or any excipients in the formulation.¹

Warnings/Precautions

Hypersensitivity Reactions

Hypersensitivity reactions, including rash, angioedema, and anaphylaxis, reported during postmarketing experience.¹ Most hypersensitivity reactions were not serious and occurred within hours of administration; however, some reactions occurred >1 week following administration.¹

If a serious or severe hypersensitivity reaction occurs, discontinue administration of the drug and initiate appropriate therapy.¹

Constipation with Serious Complications

Constipation with serious complications, in some cases requiring hospitalization or surgery, reported.¹ Concomitant use of drugs associated with decreased GI motility may increase risk.¹ Onset of constipation generally reported following first dose, but may occur at any time during therapy.¹

Monitor for severe constipation and manage as clinically appropriate.¹

Hypertension

New-onset hypertension and worsening of preexisting hypertension, in some cases requiring treatment or hospitalization, reported.¹ Many patients had preexisting hypertension or risk factors for hypertension.¹ Hypertension generally reported within 7 days of dose administration and, in the majority of cases, occurred after the first dose, but may occur at any time.¹

Monitor for new-onset or worsening hypertension.¹ If hypertension occurs, consider discontinuance of erenumab therapy if alternative etiology cannot be identified.¹

Immunogenicity

Potential for immunogenicity.¹ Antibodies to erenumab, including neutralizing antibodies to the drug, reported.¹ Available data do not demonstrate an effect of anti-erenumab antibody development on efficacy or safety of the drug; however, data are too limited to make definitive conclusions.¹

Specific Populations

Pregnancy

No adequate data on the developmental risk associated with use of erenumab in pregnant women.¹ No adverse effects on offspring observed when pregnant monkeys received the drug sub-Q at dosages resulting in systemic exposures approximately 20 times the exposure from the maximum recommended human dosage.¹

Possible increased risk of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension during pregnancy in women with migraine.¹

Pregnancy registry that monitors outcomes in women exposed to erenumab during pregnancy has been established.¹ Patients may be enrolled by calling 833-244-4083 or visiting [Web].¹

Lactation

Not known whether distributed into human milk.¹ Effects on the breast-fed infant or on milk production also unknown.¹ Consider developmental and health benefits of breast-feeding, mother's clinical need for erenumab, and potential adverse effects on the breast-fed infant from the drug or underlying maternal condition.¹

Pediatric Use

Manufacturer states that safety and efficacy not established in pediatric patients <18 years of age.¹

Pending further clinical experience with anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies in pediatric patients, the American Headache Society (AHS) recommends limiting use of anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies mainly to postpubertal adolescents^{† [off-label]} with relatively frequent migraines (i.e., ≥8 headache days per month) who have moderate to severe disability associated with migraine (e.g., PedMIDAS score ≥30) and in whom ≥2 preventive therapies have failed.¹¹ For younger pediatric patients^{† [off-label]} with severe chronic migraine that is refractory to multiple preventive therapies, consider anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies only in carefully selected patients with close monitoring (e.g., pubertal status, bone health, linear growth, weight, body mass index [BMI], infectious complications).¹¹

Geriatric Use

Insufficient experience in patients ≥65 years of age to determine whether geriatric patients respond differently than younger adults.¹

Select dosage with caution, usually starting at the low end of the dosage range.¹ Consider the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, and/or cardiac function and of concomitant disease and drug therapy when selecting dosage in geriatric patients.¹

Hepatic Impairment

Hepatic impairment not expected to affect pharmacokinetics.¹

Renal Impairment

Renal impairment not expected to affect pharmacokinetics.¹

Common Adverse Effects

Common adverse effects (≥3%): Injection site reactions, constipation.^{1 5 17}

Drug Interactions

Not metabolized by CYP isoenzymes.¹ Unlikely to affect drug-metabolizing enzymes or drug transporters.⁵

Drugs Affecting or Metabolized by Hepatic Microsomal Enzymes

Inhibitors or inducers of CYP isoenzymes: Pharmacokinetic interactions unlikely.¹

Substrates of major CYP isoenzymes: Pharmacokinetic interactions unlikely.^{1 5}

Drugs Affected by Drug Transport Systems

Substrates of various drug transport systems: Pharmacokinetic interactions unlikely.⁵

Drugs Associated with Decreased GI Motility

Possible increased risk of severe constipation and constipation-related complications.¹

Specific Drugs

Erenumab-aooe Pharmacokinetics

Absorption

Bioavailability

Following single-dose, sub-Q administration, estimated absolute bioavailability is 82%.¹

Peak concentrations achieved in approximately 6 days following a single sub-Q dose.¹

Steady-state trough concentrations approached in 3 months following once-monthly sub-Q administration; systemic accumulation is less than twofold.¹

Exhibits nonlinear pharmacokinetics due to binding to the CGRP receptor;^{1 17} however, at clinically relevant dosages, pharmacokinetics following once-monthly sub-Q administration are predominantly linear because of saturation of binding to the CGRP receptor.^{1 5 17}

Onset

Antimigraine effects usually evident following 1–3 monthly sub-Q injections in responding patients.¹²

Special Populations

Renal or hepatic impairment not expected to affect pharmacokinetics.¹

Age, sex, race, or subtype of migraine spectrum (e.g., episodic or chronic migraine) does not affect pharmacokinetics.¹

Distribution

Extent

Due to large molecule size, unlikely to cross the blood-brain barrier.^{11 13 18}

Not known whether distributed into human milk.¹

Elimination

Elimination Route

At low concentrations, predominantly eliminated through saturable binding to the CGRP receptor; at higher concentrations, predominantly eliminated through a nonspecific, nonsaturable proteolytic pathway.¹

Half-life

Effective half-life: 28 days.¹

Stability

Storage

Parenteral

Injection

2–8°C in original carton to protect from light until time of use; do not freeze.¹ Do not shake.¹

If removed from the refrigerator, store at room temperature (≤25°C) in the original carton; use within 7 days.¹ Discard if stored at room temperature for >7 days.¹

Actions

• A fully human IgG₂ immunoglobulin that binds to the CGRP receptor and antagonizes CGRP receptor function.^{1 8 9} Produced using recombinant DNA technology in Chinese hamster ovary cells.¹

• CGRP is a potent vasodilator and pain-signaling neuropeptide associated with migraine pathophysiology.^{8 9 10 17 18} CGRP and its receptors are located at sites that are relevant to migraine development (e.g., trigeminal neurons); they also are widely distributed throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as in non-neuronal tissues throughout the body.^{8 9 10 11 17 18}

• Increased serum CGRP concentrations observed in individuals during acute migraine attacks (with or without aura).^{8 9 10 17 18} IV infusion of CGRP induces migraines in patients with a history of migraines.^{8 9 10 17 18}

• Potently and selectively binds to the extracellular binding site of the CGRP receptor and competitively blocks its interaction with CGRP.^{5 8 9 10 17}

• Because of its large molecular size, unlikely to cross the blood-brain barrier; probably antagonizes CGRP receptor function peripherally rather than centrally within the nervous system.^{11 13 18}

Advice to Patients

• Advise patients to read the manufacturer's patient information and instructions for use.¹

• Provide guidance to patients and/or caregivers on proper sub-Q administration of erenumab-aooe, including the use of aseptic technique, and use of the single-dose auto-injectors or syringes.¹ Instruct patients and/or caregivers to read and follow the instructions for use each time they use erenumab-aooe.¹

• If a dose is missed, administer the missed dose as soon as possible.¹ Schedule subsequent doses monthly from the date of the last administered dose.¹

• Advise patients to seek immediate medical attention if they experience any symptoms of serious or severe hypersensitivity reactions.¹

• Risk of constipation with serious complications, including the need for hospitalization or surgery.¹ Advise patients to contact their clinician if they experience severe constipation.¹

• Risk of developing hypertension or worsening of pre-existing hypertension.¹ Advise patients to contact their clinician if they experience elevation in their blood pressure.¹

• Importance of informing clinicians of existing or contemplated concomitant therapy, including prescription and OTC drugs and dietary or herbal supplements, as well as any concomitant illnesses (e.g., hypertension).¹

• Importance of women informing clinicians if they are or plan to become pregnant or plan to breast-feed.¹ Advise patients that there is a pregnancy exposure registry that monitors outcomes in women exposed to erenumab during pregnancy.¹

• Inform patients of other important precautionary information.¹

Additional Information

The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. represents that the information provided in the accompanying monograph was formulated with a reasonable standard of care, and in conformity with professional standards in the field. Readers are advised that decisions regarding use of drugs are complex medical decisions requiring the independent, informed decision of an appropriate health care professional, and that the information contained in the monograph is provided for informational purposes only. The manufacturer’s labeling should be consulted for more detailed information. The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. does not endorse or recommend the use of any drug. The information contained in the monograph is not a substitute for medical care.

Preparations

Excipients in commercially available drug preparations may have clinically important effects in some individuals; consult specific product labeling for details.

Please refer to the ASHP Drug Shortages Resource Center for information on shortages of one or more of these preparations.

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