Why do I have bumps or warts in the genital area?

Bumps or warts in the genital area are often a sign of genital warts, a sexually transmitted infection caused by certain strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV). Genital warts can appear as small, flesh-colored bumps or cauliflower-like growths, and they can develop around the genitals, anus, or surrounding skin.

What causes genital warts?

Genital warts are spread through direct skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. This includes unprotected vaginal, oral, and anal sex. Many people who carry HPV may not show symptoms but can still transmit the virus.

Symptoms of genital warts

Many times, genital warts do not cause symptoms. Symptoms of genital warts may include:

• Itching, bleeding, or discomfort in the genital area
• Small, flesh-colored or whitish bumps
• Bumps that are either flat or raised and sometimes clustered

Treatment options for genital warts

There is not a cure for the virus that causes genital warts, but some treatments can help manage them. Genital warts may go away within 6 months on their own with the help from your immune system, or they may continue to grow more numerous or in size. Treatments for genital warts include:

• Prescription creams to apply at home
• Cryotherapy (freezing the warts)
• Surgical removal for larger or persistent warts

Once the warts go away, they might come back or they may not.

When to see a doctor

If you notice any unusual bumps, bleeding, or discomfort in your genital area, it’s important to get checked by a healthcare provider. While genital warts may disappear on their own, treatment can help remove them and reduce the risk of recurrence.