Drug Interactions between Anolor 300 and cemiplimab

Using acetaminophen together with butalbital may alter the effects of acetaminophen and cause serious side effects that may affect your liver. Call your doctor immediately if you experience a fever, chills, joint pain or swelling, excessive tiredness or weakness, unusual bleeding or bruising, skin rash or itching, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, or yellowing of the skin or the whites of your eyes. If your doctor does prescribe these medications together, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take both medications. It is important to tell your doctor about all other medications you use, including vitamins and herbs. Do not stop using any medications without first talking to your doctor.

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MONITOR: Acetaminophen may reduce the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein (CTLA)-4 monoclonal antibodies and/or inhibitors of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1). The mechanism of this interaction has not been fully elucidated, but may involve the ability of acetaminophen to impair proliferation of immune cells and T-cell mediated antitumor immunity, which has been observed in some studies. In the CheckMate 025 trial, patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (n=297) and detectable serum levels of acetaminophen or its metabolite acetaminophen glucuronide were observed to have significantly poorer overall survival (OS) than patients without detectable acetaminophen levels at treatment onset. Similarly, it was noted during an analysis of plasma samples from patients (n=34) in a separate study who were treated with anti-PD-L1 therapies, with or without anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, that those with a detectable serum acetaminophen level had a significantly lower objective response rate than those without a detectable acetaminophen level (0% vs. 29.4%, respectively). Although OS was numerically shorter for patients with detectable acetaminophen levels compared to those without, this difference was not statistically significant in this study. Likewise, an analysis of plasma samples from patients enrolled in the PREMIS study (n=297) treated with anti-PD-L1 therapies, with or without anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, found that the presence of detectable acetaminophen levels was associated with significantly worse progression-free survival (PFS, median 2.63 months vs. 50.3 months) and OS (median 8.43 months vs. 14.93 months) when compared to those without detectable acetaminophen levels. Similarly, a retrospective single-center study in patients (n=225) with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who underwent first-line therapy with pembrolizumab (alone or in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy) or second-line therapy with pembrolizumab, nivolumab, or atezolizumab noted that patients who were exposed to high intensity acetaminophen (defined as therapeutic intake lasting >24 hours or a total intake >60 doses of 1000 mg) between 30 days before to 90 days after the first ICI infusion had an increased risk of treatment failure and a shorter duration of median PFS and OS. Multivariate analyses confirmed that high exposure to acetaminophen was independently associated with a reduction in both PFS and OS. Data are not available for every ICI in combination with acetaminophen in every clinical situation.

MANAGEMENT: Until more information is available, caution and clinical monitoring for reduced efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may be advisable if they are administered with acetaminophen. One study suggests that only a pronounced and/or prolonged intake of acetaminophen is able to reduce the immune response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents in patients with advanced NSCLC and suggests a more restrained and discontinuous intake of acetaminophen (<4 doses of 1000 mg/week) may help avoid worsening patient outcomes in this patient population.