Mallory-Weiss Syndrome
Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Apr 6, 2025.
Mallory-Weiss syndrome is a condition that causes a tear in the tissue where your esophagus and stomach meet. The tear causes bleeding that may be mild or severe. Anything that causes forceful vomiting or retching can cause a tear. Movements that cause straining or an injury to your abdomen can also cause a tear.
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Medicines:
- Proton pump inhibitors may be given to lower the amount of acid your stomach makes.
- Antiemetics are given to control vomiting and nausea.
Tests:
- Endoscopy is a procedure used to examine your esophagus. An endoscope is a long, flexible tube with a light on the end. Your healthcare provider will guide the tube down your throat to the area with the tear.
- Blood tests are used to check the number of red blood cells (RBCs). A low number of RBCs may mean you have anemia from the blood loss. Blood tests will also show how well your blood clots. Blood tests may also check your electrolyte levels. Electrolytes include sodium, potassium, and magnesium. Too much or too little of an electrolyte can cause health problems that need to be treated.
- A bowel movement sample may be checked for blood.
Intake and output
means healthcare providers will track how much liquid you are given and how much you urinate.
Treatment:
- Endoscopy may be used to stop the bleeding. Your healthcare provider may place clips or bands to hold the tear closed so it can heal. Your provider may instead inject medicine or use an electric current to stop the bleeding.
- A nasogastric (NG) tube may be used to remove fluid and air. An NG tube is put into your nose, and passes down your throat until it reaches your stomach. Food and medicine may be given through an NG tube. This is to give your body time to heal the tear.
- Fluids may be given through an IV if you lose a large amount of blood or become dehydrated.
- A blood transfusion may be needed if you lose a large amount of blood.
- Surgery may be needed to repair the tear if other treatments do not work.
RISKS:
Large amounts of blood loss can lead to shock. Shock is a condition caused by too much blood loss. This can cause a lack of oxygen that can lead to brain or tissue damage. Shock is a medical emergency that can be life-threatening.
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