Acute Liver Failure

Medically reviewed by Drugs.com. Last updated on Apr 6, 2025.

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Acute liver failure occurs when your liver is damaged and suddenly stops working properly. This may cause damage to other tissues or organs, such as your brain and kidneys. Acute liver failure can become life-threatening.

DISCHARGE INSTRUCTIONS:

Call your local emergency number (911 in the US) or have someone call if:

• You have a seizure.
• You lose consciousness or cannot be woken.
• You have sudden shortness of breath.

Seek care immediately if:

• Your symptoms return.
• You feel lightheaded or are too weak to stand.
• You have trouble thinking clearly, or you are confused.
• You urinate less than usual, have dark urine, or stop urinating.
• You vomit blood.
• You have blood in your bowel movements.
• You have severe abdominal pain.
• Your heart is beating faster than usual.

Call your doctor if:

• You have new symptoms.
• You have new or worse swelling in your legs, ankles, or feet.
• You have questions or concerns about your condition or care.

Manage or prevent acute liver failure:

• Ask about medicines and supplements. Some medicines and supplements can harm your liver. Acetaminophen is an example. Talk to your healthcare provider about all your medicines. Do not take any over-the-counter medicine or herbal supplements unless your provider says it is okay.
• Do not drink alcohol. Alcohol will cause more damage to your liver.
• Do not smoke. Nicotine and other chemicals in cigarettes and cigars can cause blood vessel and lung damage. Ask your provider for information if you currently smoke and need help to quit. E-cigarettes or smokeless tobacco still contain nicotine. Talk to your provider before you use these products.
• Reach or maintain a healthy weight. Extra body weight increases the risk for fatty liver disease. Ask your provider what a healthy weight is for you. Your provider can help you create a safe weight loss plan, if needed.
• Slowly return to your activities. You may feel weak or get tired easily for several weeks. Slowly increase your activity every day. Take breaks and rest when you need it. You may need to avoid contact sports to prevent injury. You may bleed easily until your liver heals. Ask your provider which activities are safe for you to do.

Follow up with your doctor as directed:

Write down your questions so you remember to ask them during your visits.

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The above information is an educational aid only. It is not intended as medical advice for individual conditions or treatments. Talk to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist before following any medical regimen to see if it is safe and effective for you.

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