Cefotaxime is no longer marketed in the United States. Limited information indicates that cefotaxime produces low levels in milk that are not expected to cause adverse effects in breastfed infants. Occasionally disruption of the infant's gastrointestinal flora, resulting in diarrhea or thrush have been reported with cephalosporins, but these effects have not been adequately evaluated. Cefotaxime is acceptable in nursing mothers.
Drug Levels
Maternal Levels. Five postpartum women were given 2 grams of cefotaxime twice daily for 4 days. The average peak milk level on day 4 was 0.68 mg/L (range 0.29 to1.57 mg/L). By 12 hours after the dose the drug was undetectable in milk of all 5 women.[1]
After a single 1 gram dose of cefotaxime to 12 women, average peak levels of 0.32 mg/L occurred 2 hours after the dose. The highest milk level recorded was 0.52 mg/L in one woman at 3 hours after the dose.[2,3]
After a single 1 gram dose of cefotaxime to 5 women, the drug was not measurable (<0.1 mg/L) in the mothers' milk at any time up to 6 hours after the dose.[4]
After a single 1 gram intravenous dose in 2 women, cefotaxime milk levels were not measurable at any time up to 6 hours after the dose.[5]
Infant Levels. Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
Effects in Breastfed Infants
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk
Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.
References
1.
Harms K, Gerke G, Zaloudek D. Konzentrationsbestimmungen von cefotaxim aus der muttermilch. Infection 1980;8 (Suppl 4):S451-3.
2.
Kafetzis DA, Lazarides CV, Siafas CA, et al. Transfer of cefotaxime in human milk and from mother to foetus. J Antimicrob Chemother 1980;6 (Suppl A):135-41. [PubMed: 6252147]
3.
Kafetzis DA, Siafas CA, Georgakopoulos PA, Papadatos CJ. Passage of cephalosporins and amoxicillin into the breast milk. Acta Paediatr Scand 1981;70:285-8. [PubMed: 7246123]
4.
Takase Z, Fujiwara M, Kohmoto Y, et al. Study of cefotaxime in the perinatal period. Jpn J Antibiot 1982;35:1893-7. [PubMed: 6294369]
5.
Matsuda S. Transfer of antibiotics into maternal milk. Biol Res Pregnancy Perinatol 1984;5:57-60. [PubMed: 6743732]
Substance Identification
Substance Name
Cefotaxime
CAS Registry Number
63527-52-6
Drug Class
Breast Feeding
Lactation
Milk, Human
Anti-Infective Agents
Antibacterial Agents
Cephalosporins
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